@article{oai:kochi.repo.nii.ac.jp:00006497,
 author = {Campos, Wilfredo L. and Aliño, Porfirio M.},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {黒潮圏科学 = Kuroshio Science},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, This study presents recent advances in the management of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in the Philippine from the mid-1970s, when the first MPA was established, to the present. At present, there are over 1300 established and proposed MPAs in the country. More than 50% of these are less than 10ha in size. As a result, less than 2% of the country’s reef areas are under some level of protection, which is believed to be too low for protective measures to have an impact. In terms of management, only 10-15% of established MPAs are effectively managed. Several challenges are posed by these major shortcomings. Two approaches have recently been initiated to address these. The MPA Support Network (MSN) was recently established to link various efforts and initiatives in managing MPAs in the different regions of the country. There are also recent efforts of developing schemes for truly science-based establishment of MPA networks.},
 pages = {29--34},
 title = {Recent Advances in the Management of Marine Protected Areas in the Philippines},
 volume = {2},
 year = {2008}
}